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import json

class user:
  def __init__(self, name, pwd):
    self.name = name
    self.pwd = pwd

  def __str__(self):
    return 'user(' + self.name + ',' + self.pwd + ')'

#重寫JSONEncoder的default方法，object轉換成dict
class userEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
  def default(self, o):
    if isinstance(o, user):
      return {
        'name': o.name,
        'pwd': o.pwd
      }
    return json.JSONEncoder.default(o)

#重寫JSONDecoder的decode方法，dict轉換成object
class userDecode(json.JSONDecoder):
  def decode(self, s):
    dic = super().decode(s)
    return user(dic['name'], dic['pwd'])

#重寫JSONDecoder的__init__方法，dict轉換成object
class userDecode2(json.JSONDecoder):
  def __init__(self):
    json.JSONDecoder.__init__(self, object_hook=dic2objhook)


# 對象轉換成dict
def obj2dict(obj):

  if (isinstance(obj, user)):
    return {
      'name': obj.name,
      'pwd': obj.pwd
    }
  else:
    return obj

# dict轉換為對象
def dic2objhook(dic):

  if isinstance(dic, dict):
    return user(dic['name'], dic['pwd'])
  return dic

# 第一種方式，直接把對象先轉換成dict
u = user('smith', '123456')
uobj = json.dumps(obj2dict(u))
print('uobj: ', uobj)


#第二種方式，利用json.dumps的關鍵字參數(shù)default
u = user('smith', '123456')
uobj2 = json.dumps(u, default=obj2dict)
print('uobj2: ', uobj)

#第三種方式，定義json的encode和decode子類，使用json.dumps的cls默認參數(shù)
user_encode_str = json.dumps(u, cls=userEncoder)
print('user2json: ', user_encode_str)

#json轉換為object
u2 = json.loads(user_encode_str, cls=userDecode)
print('json2user: ', u2)

#另一種json轉換成object的方式
u3 = json.loads(user_encode_str, cls=userDecode2)
print('json2user2: ', u3)

C:\python\python.exe C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/pytest/com/guo/myjson.py
uobj: {"name": "smith", "pwd": "123456"}
uobj2: {"name": "smith", "pwd": "123456"}
user2json: {"name": "smith", "pwd": "123456"}
json2user: user(smith,123456)
json2user2: user(smith,123456)

Process finished with exit code 0